Cat Behavior, Multi-Cat Dynamics & Hygiene Science

Learn to read hesitation, edge-perching, and quick exits as signals of texture, depth, or placement problems. Then apply science-backed tweaks - unscented litter at 1-2 inches, boxes 1.5x body length, strategic locations, and the one-plus-one rule - to reduce stress and ensure reliable use.

Use data, not guesswork: track ammonia (<10 ppm), litter depth, entry design, and N+1 box count to prevent avoidance, cut stress and urinary risks, and streamline cleaning.

Diagnose medical triggers first, then apply simple, senior-friendly changes - lower entry height, larger open boxes, soft unscented litter at 2 inches, quiet accessible placement, and consistent cleaning - to reduce accidents and restore confident litter box use.

Use one litter box per cat plus one extra, and place them in open, low-traffic spots with clear escape routes to prevent guarding and accidents. Get practical guidance on box choice, small-space placement, and a simple routine that reduces odor and total cleanup time.